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  • AI & Machine Learning, Biology, Computing, Data & AI, Life Sciences
    Abstract Medical trainees depend on diverse visual reference material to develop diagnostic pattern-recognition skills, yet such material is often limited in diversity and accessibility. This paper presents a classifier-in-the-loop generative framework for synthesising realistic histopathology images: a Stable Diffusion v1.5 model is fine-tuned using Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) on the PathMNIST dataset, consisting of nine colorectal […]
  • Biology, Chemistry, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences
    Abstract The number of diabetes patients is increasing worldwide, but many cases stay undiagnosed in low-resource regions. The A1C blood test is invasive and costly, therefore it is often not available in these regions. In this research, DiaBreath is proposed as a low-cost noninvasive screening system based on exhaled breath analysis. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) […]
  • Computing, Data & AI, Data Science, Economics, Social Sciences, Humanities & Policy
    Abstract Digital commerce platforms compete with local vendors under frictions of time, price, and visibility. We test whether an interpretable choice model with reinforcement and social influence can yield substantial changes in aggregate market share as control parameters vary. We simulate repeated customer choice among vendors using a utility function that combines vendor attributes (price, […]
  • AI & Machine Learning, Computing, Data & AI
    Abstract Local businesses are important to neighborhood service access, but access to these services is limited in some areas. This study uses GIS and machine learning to identify possible limited service zones for restaurants and supermarkets across Dublin, Pleasanton, and Livermore in Alameda County, California. The model dataset included 1,134 Alameda County census block groups, […]
  • Health Sciences, Public Health
    Abstract In the United States, drug abuse continues to be a crucial public health challenge, especially in major cities like New York City. The impact of drug activity isn’t simply confined to its clinical effects, and public drug use visibility undermines community safety and well-being. While supervised consumption sites (SCS) have been reported to reduce […]
  • Biology, Life Sciences
    Abstract Pollen grains are the natural starting point for microcapsules and biomaterials used in diverse engineering applications. Defatting, solvent extraction and acid/alkaline treatment are standard techniques for converting native pollen into “inert” materials through removing internal biological components. However, the common assumption that physiochemically treated pollen particles are necessarily biologically inactivated is questionable. Pollen grains […]
  • Biology, Genetics, Life Sciences
    Abstract Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency (PDCD) is a rare, often fatal genetic disorder that affects carbohydrate metabolism by disrupting the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA. PDCD is primarily caused by pathogenic variants in any genes encoding Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDC) subunits, typically mutations in the pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit alpha 1 (PDHA1) gene. Current treatment […]
  • Health Sciences, Life Sciences, Neuroscience, Public Health
    Abstract The gut–brain axis is an expanding area of mental health research, representing the connection between the gastrointestinal microbiota and neural, immune, and endocrine pathways that influence mood and behavior. There is emerging evidence pointing to disruptions in the gut microbiome that may contribute to depression and anxiety. Additionally, research indicates that interventions targeting the […]
  • AI & Machine Learning, Computing, Data & AI, Data Science, Health Sciences, Medicine
    Abstract IgA nephropathy (IgAN) causes an inflammation of the glomeruli by an accumulation of Immunoglobulin A antibodies, and there are many patient characteristics that have been found to highly correlate with and potentially further advance the pathogenesis of this disease. In this study, we built models studying whether IgAN patient characteristics such as Age, Sex, […]
  • Bioinformatics, Biology, Life Sciences
    Abstract The AcrB efflux pump in Salmonella Typhimurium is a major mechanism in the development of drug resistance. The purpose of the study is to screen drug-like Indian phytochemicals from the IMPPAT 2.0 database against the AcrB protein, benchmarked against the known inhibitors of PAβN and NMP. Molecular docking (Vina), machine learning (RDKit descriptors, random […]
  • Health Sciences, Public Health
    Abstract This study examined vaccination using an illustrative SEIRV model and an exploratory analysis of COVID-19 indicators in five countries during 2021-2022. Susceptible, exposed, infectious, recovered, and vaccinated populations were tracked by the model, while incorporating imperfect protection, breakthrough infections, waning immunity, and reinfection over 200 days. In the empirical analysis, a total of 474 […]
  • AI & Machine Learning, Computer Science, Computing, Data & AI
    Abstract Deepfake videos present increasing risks for misinformation, identity fraud, and manipulation of public opinion. These videos create significant risks for security. However, detection models usually perform poorly when videos are degraded by real-world conditions like compression and noise. This study investigates how video degradation affects the performance of deepfake detection models. A Convolutional Neural […]
  • Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
    Abstract Hand-watering in a UAE school garden is slow, and the water every plant gets is estimated by eye. This study investigates whether a small quadcopter can be equipped with a removable water-delivery payload and its pump switched by a soil-moisture reading taken at the target plant. A small 3D-printed reservoir, a 12 V pump, […]
  • Social Sciences, Social Sciences, Humanities & Policy
    Abstract The Smolensk Oblast faces persistent demographic decline, with birth rates falling from 10.6‰ in 2015 to 5.8‰ in 2023 and sustained youth out-migration to more developed regions. Despite federal and regional family support programs, these trends continue. This pilot study explores whether economic barriers (income and housing) are perceived as more significant obstacles to […]

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