Abstract Most levees in California are old structures, many of which were originally built in the 1800s and are now vulnerable to collapse. In response to growing concerns about their integrity, the state has issued a mandate requiring that levees in high-risk areas be upgraded by 2030. One of the primary threats to levee stability […]

Abstract Classical aerodynamic theory predicts that power scales with the cube of velocity when air density, drag coefficient, and reference area remain approximately constant. However, cross-category comparison is limited by non-standardized power and velocity specifications reported under different operating regimes. In this work, we examine the relationship between power and velocity using data. The data […]

Abstract Introduction: Adolescence is a critical period for cognitive and emotional growth. In the U.S., an estimated 38% of high school students report serious cognitive difficulties, and about 20% of adolescents have a diagnosed mental or behavioral health condition such as anxiety, both associated with poorer academic performance and psychosocial functioning. Because both problems are […]

Abstract Microplastics are pervasive pollutants that host unique microbial communities (the “plastisphere”), which may contribute to plastic degradation or pose pathogenic risks. However, systematic comparisons across diverse materials are lacking. This study aims to identify microbial communities specifically enriched on plastic surfaces, particularly Thalassospira and Alcanivorax, and evaluate their potential for plastic degradation. We conducted […]

Abstract Psychiatric diagnosis has expanded faster than the science beneath it. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) grew from 106 conditions in 1952 to approximately 300 in 2013, though counts vary with what is included. This review asks whether that growth reflects better recognition of real illness or systematic over-diagnosis, and what […]