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  • AI & Machine Learning, Biology, Computing, Data & AI, Life Sciences
    Abstract Medical trainees depend on diverse visual reference material to develop diagnostic pattern-recognition skills, yet such material is often limited in diversity and accessibility. This paper presents a classifier-in-the-loop generative framework for synthesising realistic histopathology images: a Stable Diffusion v1.5 model is fine-tuned using Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) on the PathMNIST dataset, consisting of nine colorectal […]
  • Biology, Chemistry, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences
    Abstract The number of diabetes patients is increasing worldwide, but many cases stay undiagnosed in low-resource regions. The A1C blood test is invasive and costly, therefore it is often not available in these regions. In this research, DiaBreath is proposed as a low-cost noninvasive screening system based on exhaled breath analysis. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) […]
  • Computing, Data & AI, Data Science, Economics, Social Sciences, Humanities & Policy
    Abstract Digital commerce platforms compete with local vendors under frictions of time, price, and visibility. We test whether an interpretable choice model with reinforcement and social influence can yield substantial changes in aggregate market share as control parameters vary. We simulate repeated customer choice among vendors using a utility function that combines vendor attributes (price, […]
  • AI & Machine Learning, Computing, Data & AI
    Abstract Local businesses are important to neighborhood service access, but access to these services is limited in some areas. This study uses GIS and machine learning to identify possible limited service zones for restaurants and supermarkets across Dublin, Pleasanton, and Livermore in Alameda County, California. The model dataset included 1,134 Alameda County census block groups, […]
  • Chemical Engineering, Engineering
    Abstract The treatment of organic wastewater remains a serious issue in sustainable development due to the presence of various persistent and toxic compounds. Currently, the advanced oxidation process, especially the Fenton reaction, is a promising method to redress this issue. However, this process needs a continuous addition of external H2O2, which is not only costly […]
  • Biology, Life Sciences
    Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, for which there are few effective therapies. In this work, we computationally identified potential drug candidates for AD from publicly available gene expression datasets. First, we analyzed the RNA sequencing dataset GSE261050 to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AD and control samples. Then we […]
  • Health Sciences, Medicine
    Abstract Deviated Nasal Septum (DNS) with accompanying sinusitis and turbinate hypertrophy in pediatric patients can have far-reaching effects on facial growth, sleep, and postoperative outcomes, emphasizing the importance of improving surgical outcomes. DNS disrupts nasal airflow and causes chronic sinus inflammation, leading to issues like compensatory inferior turbinate hypertrophy and persistent obstruction. In children, who […]
  • Life Sciences, Neuroscience
    Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease involve progressive neuronal loss associated with the accumulation of misfolded proteins. During Alzheimer’s Disease, extracellular amyloid-β plaques are hallmark features, compared to Parkinson’s disease, which is characterized by Lewy bodies composed of α-synuclein. Endosomal and autophagic are both important and both proteins heavily rely on […]
  • Aerospace Engineering, AI & Machine Learning, Computing, Data & AI, Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
    Abstract This study investigates geometrically simplified automotive camera-based side-mirror designs made with surrogate-assisted modeling. The side-mirror design is not intended to fully replicate a realistic version, but to provide a simplified design space measurable for testing and experimenting. SU2 was used to develop a CFD system to generate 1000 simulations, in which streamlined shapes were […]
  • Health Sciences, Public Health
    Abstract Objective: This research investigates the effect of behavioral and environmental factors on college students’ academic performance, measured by GPA. This was to examine the linear relationships of six daily habits: study time, sleeping, involvement in social activities, participation in extracurricular activities, physical exercise, and stress level. The research seeks to determine which habits have […]
  • Computer Science, Computing, Data & AI
    Abstract Network structure can alter how rapidly misinformation-like contagion spreads and which nodes are most valuable to protect. This study compared susceptible-infected-recovered-type diffusion on 1,000-node Erdős-Rényi (ER), Watts-Strogatz (WS), and Barabási-Albert (BA) networks. One hundred graph realizations per topology were analyzed without intervention, and eight structural-immunization strategies were tested at 1%, 5%, and 10% coverage: […]
  • Electrical Engineering, Engineering
    Abstract In this study, we constructed a two-dimensional magnetostatic finite element method (FEM) model that simulates the magnetic field distribution and calculates the torque generated by an electrically excited synchronous motor (EESM). A cross-sectional model of an EESM was created, with region-specific relative magnetic permeability and equivalent current densities in the windings. Specifically, our algorithm […]
  • Mathematics, Mathematics & Statistics
    Abstract Sudoku, with its complex combinatorial structure, provides a natural NP-hard benchmark for testing optimization models. In this study, we quantitatively compare Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) and Higher-Order Binary Optimization (HOBO). While QUBO is compatible with quantum computers, it is often evaluated on classical simulators known as quantum simulators which calculates with tensor network […]
  • Social Sciences, Humanities & Policy, Urban Planning
    Abstract In the 1930s, Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) residential security maps divided city neighborhoods into grades, from A (“best”) to D (“hazardous”); those lower-grade neighborhoods have been regarded as related to lasting social and environmental inequalities, although the maps were not the sole mechanism by which such inequalities arose. We examined whether historical HOLC […]

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